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Can AI Do Therapy, Pros & Cons, PCDN AI for Impact Newsletter, April 4, 2025

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Can AI Really Do Therapy? Hard Truths and New Possibilities

Mental health care is broken. Therapists are overbooked, costs are prohibitive, and millions go without help. AI promises to fix this—but let's cut through the hype and look at what's actually happening.

The Latest Research: Impressive But Incomplete

Dartmouth researchers recently tested Therabot with 3,400 participants experiencing depression and anxiety. The results published in NEJM AI last month were eye-opening:

  • Depression symptoms dropped 51% after 8 weeks

  • Anxiety decreased 31%

  • Users reported feeling "understood" by the AI

Sounds revolutionary, right? But dig deeper and questions emerge. The lead researcher admitted: "We saw significant improvements in mild to moderate cases, but the dropout rate for severe depression was 42%—precisely when human connection matters most."

Meanwhile, Stanford's Mental Health Innovation Lab found that while 76% of users initially engaged with therapy apps, only 23% continued after three weeks. The novelty wears off quickly.

Mental Health Therapy GIF by BuzzFeed

Why Some People Swear By AI Therapy

  • It's there at 3 AM when panic attacks hit

  • No judgment when discussing taboo topics

  • Costs $20/month instead of $200/session

  • No waitlists in a field where "we're not accepting new patients" is the norm

As one user told Psychology Today: "My chatbot doesn't check the clock or rush me out the door when my 50 minutes are up."

The Uncomfortable Problems

  1. AI Doesn't Actually Care About You Despite sophisticated responses, these systems fundamentally lack empathy—they simulate it based on pattern recognition.

  2. Data Privacy Is Murky When you pour your heart out to an AI, where does that information go? Several platforms have already been caught selling "anonymized" mental health data to advertisers.

  3. The Illusion of Therapy Many tools offer what psychologist Henry James Forman calls "therapy-flavored entertainment"—engaging but lacking the challenging work real therapy requires.

  4. Reinforcing Harmful Patterns Without proper oversight, AI can inadvertently validate unhealthy thinking. One user reported their app "kept agreeing with my negative self-talk because it was trying to be supportive."

Tools Worth Considering (With Deep Caution)

Tool

What It Does Well

What It Doesn't Tell You

Therabot

Evidence-based CBT techniques

Can't handle suicidal ideation

Wysa

Combines AI with human backup

Human therapists only available in premium tier

Youper

Personalized mood tracking

Limited intervention capabilities

A More Realistic Future

At least for now, AI will not replace human therapists. The technology simply cannot match the nuanced understanding and genuine empathy that humans provide. As Dr. Lisa Feldman Barrett puts it: "The goal isn't to make AI more human-like, but to use it in ways that enhance human capabilities."

Who knows what the future holds? AI continues to evolve at a staggering pace. But for the foreseeable future, the most promising approach isn't AI therapy OR human therapy—it's both, working together.

The mental health crisis is too severe to dismiss any potential solution. But we need honesty about what these tools can and cannot do—people's lives depend on getting this right.

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News & Resources

😄 Joke of the Day
Why did the AI apply for a job at the bakery?
Because it already knew how to make smart cookies! 🍪

🌍 News Highlights

  • 🧠 Public Worry vs. Expert Optimism
    A new survey reveals a striking disconnect: most Americans fear AI will harm them, while experts are largely optimistic about its benefits.
    Read on Ars Technica →

  • 🎬 AI Meets Studio Ghibli
    Gorō Miyazaki experiments with AI in storytelling—exploring how generative tools can complement traditional Japanese animation, without replacing human creativity.
    Read on Japan Times →

  • 📈 Adapt or Fade: AI in Business
    A recent study finds companies that embrace AI see major performance gains—while those that resist risk falling behind.
    Read on Reuters →

💼 Organization to Watch
Anthropic – Building reliable, steerable AI systems with safety at their core. They're hiring across research, engineering, and policy.
Check out Anthropic Jobs

🔗 LinkedIn Connection
Dr. Rumman Chowdhury – Responsible AI expert, founder of Humane Intelligence, and a leading voice in AI ethics and governance.
Connect on LinkedIn →