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- AI and Development, PCDN AI for Impact Newsletter, May 28, 2025
AI and Development, PCDN AI for Impact Newsletter, May 28, 2025
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AI and International Development/SDGS
They say artificial intelligence will either save the world or destroy it—but at least it's finally giving us a clear answer on something! In all seriousness, AI is becoming a powerful tool for tackling global development challenges, with research showing AI can advance 134 of the 169 SDG targets—representing 79% of all targets. This spans critical areas from poverty reduction to climate action, with real applications already making a difference worldwide.
The AI Development Boom
The field is growing fast, with over 600 active AI use cases supporting SDG targets—a 300% increase since 2018. These range from using smartphone data to map poverty levels, to deploying computer vision for monitoring deforestation, to creating chatbots that provide health information in local languages. Satellite imagery combined with machine learning helps predict food crises, AI-powered diagnostic tools bring medical expertise to remote areas, and smart algorithms optimize resource distribution in humanitarian emergencies.
Environmental Applications Leading the Way
In agriculture, AI helps smallholder farmers optimize crop yields and predict weather patterns. For climate action, machine learning models improve renewable energy forecasting and help cities reduce emissions through smart systems that can cut carbon output by up to 10% by 2030. Wildlife conservation efforts use acoustic sensors and computer vision to monitor endangered species, while AI-powered systems track illegal logging and fishing activities in real-time.

The Dark Side of Digital Development
But AI for development isn't without serious problems. The same research shows AI could negatively affect 59 targets (35%) across the SDGs. The technology itself has a massive carbon footprint—data centers already consume over 2% of global emissions and could reach 14% by 2040. Algorithmic bias can worsen discrimination, automation threatens jobs in developing economies, and AI benefits often flow to those who already have advantages.
Bridging the Digital Divide
The digital divide creates additional barriers. Many communities lack the internet access, devices, or technical skills needed to benefit from AI solutions. Cultural context matters too—AI systems trained on Western data may not work well in other settings, and some approaches risk imposing outside values on local communities. Questions about who controls the technology, how decisions are made, and whether communities have a real voice in shaping AI applications remain largely unresolved.
Building Momentum Through Collaboration
Despite these challenges, momentum is building through collaborative efforts. The ITU's AI for Good platform serves as the UN's leading forum, bringing together a global community of 37,000 contributors from over 180 countries. Organizations like Google.org have supported over 200 social impact organizations globally, while the World Bank's Development Impact Group pioneers AI-powered solutions for food insecurity prediction and policy research.
Key Resources for AI and Development
ITU AI for Good Global Summit and Platform - The UN's premier platform at aiforgood.itu.int, featuring annual summits and research initiatives connecting global changemakers.
Google's AI and SDG Research Brief - Comprehensive analysis at publicpolicy.google, documenting over 600 use cases and collaborative research findings.
World Economic Forum's AI for Impact Report - Detailed examination at weforum.org, revealing that less than 1% of global corporate AI investment targets impact applications.
Nature Research on AI and SDGs - Peer-reviewed analysis at nature.com documenting connections between AI and all 17 SDGs with evidence-based impact assessment.
World Bank DIME AI Initiative - Applied research lab at worldbank.org developing tools for development programming, including ImpactAI and ZeroHungerAI initiatives.
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